When the European Space Agency selected a new group of astronauts in 2022, Aleš Svoboda was among them. An aeronautical engineer and Gripen military pilot, he is the first Czech since Vladimír Remek to have a chance of travelling into space. His appointment to ESA’s reserve corps also represents an opportunity for Czech industry, research and innovation. As an ambassador, he connects government, academia and business while inspiring young people to see space exploration as an attainable career.
Where do Czech research institutes and companies have the greatest potential – in hardware, software, data analysis or perhaps robotic systems?
Czech research institutes and companies clearly have considerable potential in hardware, which is essential to the development of modern technologies. Our engineers are recognised for their quality and precision, particularly in avionics, satellite technologies and other systems used in space research. We are also achieving notable success in software and data analysis, with Czech teams increasingly focusing on artificial intelligence and advanced analytical tools. Robotic systems are equally important as new forms of human–machine interaction continue to emerge. Although this is not my own area of expertise, Czech potential in these fields is undoubtedly significant. We have outstanding teams and a strong tradition of collaboration between industry and academia. One example is the wrist dosimeter planned for the Czech mission to the ISS, which has received very positive feedback. Given my focus on aviation and astronautics, I am convinced that these capabilities offer enormous room for growth, especially when directed towards space research and future technological innovation.
How could closer cooperation between the public sector, universities and industry advance the Czech space programme?
Cooperation between the public sector, universities and industry is crucial to the success of any ambitious programme, including a space programme. In the Czech Republic, I see considerable scope for strengthening the way these sectors connect. Universities possess excellent research capabilities and innovative ideas that should be aligned with the specific needs of industry so their work can be applied in practice. The public sector should coordinate this cooperation and provide strategic direction, support and funding, as well as the legislative and regulatory framework required for space research.
In my view, the Czech Journey to Space is an excellent example. This national initiative led by the Ministry of Transport involves hundreds of organisations. It is not limited to a journey to the International Space Station and the associated scientific and technological experiments; it encompasses a much broader collaborative ecosystem. This year, 26 cadets representing technical education in schools took part in a zero-gravity flight. Educational programmes for students of all ages, public lectures, exhibitions and events at observatories and technology centres are also being organised. Companies and research teams meet at networking events, while popular science projects are being developed for families with children. I am delighted by this progress because science, technology, industry and education are successfully being brought together – and this is only the beginning.
Given your background in military aviation, what links do you see between aviation and space training, development and research?
From my own experience of both pilot and astronaut training, aviation provides an excellent foundation for space training. Astronaut training requires many skills familiar to pilots: spatial awareness, proficiency with complex technical systems, rapid reactions to unexpected situations, quick decision-making and the ability to perform under pressure. Cooperation between these two fields therefore has great potential, not only for technology transfer but also for preparing people to meet the demanding challenges of the space environment.
Which technologies – including recycling, energy systems and autonomous technologies – will be crucial to maintaining a sustainable human presence in space?
Technologies that use resources efficiently, reduce dependence on Earth and provide long-term reliability under demanding conditions will be essential. These include systems for recycling water and oxygen and managing the waste generated during extended missions. Energy production and autonomous systems will also be crucial. From my perspective in military aviation and astronautics, however, the greatest challenge is integrating all these technologies into a coherent, sustainable ecosystem capable of supporting human life on long-duration missions. They must work together so that astronauts can not only survive but also function effectively and complete their tasks in the demanding space environment.
What advice would you give Czech companies and researchers considering entering the space industry?
My message is straightforward: do not hesitate, because you have a strong chance of succeeding. The Czech Republic has a rich tradition in space technology, and our companies and researchers are well placed to produce significant innovation and compete internationally. The space industry offers enormous opportunities for growth and development, both for established businesses and for new teams with original ideas.
Even a company or research group that is not currently active in the space sector can become involved. The ESA BASS Ambassadors programme is an excellent resource that can support Czech companies and researchers with their first space technology projects. It is designed for organisations from other sectors and helps them navigate space projects, establish contacts with international partners and obtain the support needed to enter the space industry.
Thank you for the interview.
